Expansive reamer and drill



April 29, 1930. 1. J.' SANTIAGO EXPANSIVE BEAMER AND DRILIJ Filed Deo. 27, 1927 Inventor James J Santini,

ttvrngg 30 laterally from Patented Apr. 29, 193D UNITED STATES JAMES J. SANTIAGO, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGINOIR, TO

Jong GRANT, or`

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA EXPANSIVE BEAMER AND DRILL Application tiled December 27, 1927. Serial No. 242,747.

lo fore been proposed to use a reamer cutter,

or a series of such cutters, offset to one side of the axis of rotation, it being expected that in passing down through the casing these olfset cutters will find their own center in they casing to pass freely therethrough. In order to allow such cutters thus to pass through the casing it has been found necessary to arrange the drill bit, which is usually in the form ot a flat fish tail bit, in a plane sub- 20 stantially at right anglesto the plane of cutter oiset. Emerging below the pipe7 the tool is then expected to find and rotate upon the center of the drill hole in such a manner that the ofi'sct cutters will project far enough from the center of rotation to ream the hole. Such a tool, however, depends upon the Iish tail bit as a pilot or guide and, with the bit disposed as it down through the pipe, it is easily displaced the center of the hole or from the proper center of rotation, with the result that' the whole tool tends to gyrate about the center of rotation and the reaming cutters do substantially no reaming.

The present invention is designed Jfor the purpose of overcoming such difficulties; and

it accomplishes its object by roviding means for changing the relative positions of the drill bit and the reaming cutter; or, reaming cutters are used, for changing the relative positions of the cutters. How this is done in a specilic preferred manner illustrative of the invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of my improved reamer and drill showing it in operation in a well;

Fig. 9. is an enlarged elevation, with parts in longitudinal section, of the roaming parts must be for passingl if severalv of the tool, showing them in the position in which they pass through the well pipe;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are crossesections on lines 3--3, 4-4 and -5, respectively, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-section on line 6 6 of Fig. 1; and

Figs. 7 and 8 are bottom plans of the tool hpwing the two typical positions of the drill In the broader aspects of my invention it is immaterial what type of roaming cutter may be used, and also immaterial what specitic type of drill bit; and accordingly the specific illustrations here shall not be taken as limitations upon the invention. I- prefer to show reaming cutters of the roller type mounted upon suitable carriers; and I prefer to show a lish tail bit as illustrative of any type of flat bit which has the characteristics and capabilities hereinafter spoken of. Also the particular mountings for the reaming cutters and their carriers should be taken as illustrative and typical rather than as necessary limitation upon the broader aspects of my invention.

In the drawings I illustrate a suitable body or mandrel 10 formed at l1 at its upper end to connect with the usual rotary drill stem. At the lower end of this body the ish tail bit 12 is mounted in such a manner that it may turn between the two relative positions shown in Figs. 7 and 8. One of the reaming cutters, shown as the lowermost one in this particular case, is in this specific embodiment illustrated as being fixed in position upon the body; and thus it will be seen that, as between this lowermost Teaming cutter and the bit, there is a relative capability of rota' tion so that in one position as shown in"Fig. 8

the plane of the bit is parallel to the plane 9o of oset of the cutter, and so that, as shown in Fig. 7 in another position the plane of the bit is substantially at right angles to the plane of oset of the cutter. This capability of relative rotation can be attained by having either vthe bit orthev specified-cutter relatively rotatable upon the body; and I prefer here to show the specified cutter as fixed upon the body and the bit as rotatable in position.

Thus the lowermost roller cutter 15 is shown as mounted upon a carrier sleeve 16 which is set by any suitable means, as by set screws 17, upon the interior body 10. Below the sleeve 16 there is a thrust sleeve 18; and below the lower end of this thrust sleeve the hollow socket 19 of drill bit 12 surrounds the lower end of the body, is rotatable around the axis of that lower end, and has up-thrust bearing against sleeve 18. The lower c lindrie and some'ihat reduced en d of the ody is designated 10". In order to limit rotative movement of the drill bit to an angle of approximately 90, and at the same time to give the drill bit good rotary driving connection with the body, I provide the drill bit socket 19 with two sets of arcuate slots 20 one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 6. Heavy stop pins 2 1 are set in the body and the heads of these pins play in slots 20. Holes are provided through the socket wall to facilitate insertion of pins 21 after the socket is in place on vthe body, and-these holes are closed by plugs 22 to prevent entry of mud or other oreign matter. It will be seen that the pins and vslots not only limit relative rotation of the drill bit but also support the drill bit on the body.

Reaming roller 15 projects outwardly at one side of the tool beyond the periphery of carriersleeve 16, this outward projection of the reaming roller being far enough to ream a hole substantially larger than that cut by drill bit 12 and substantially larger than the interior of the casing'through'which the drill will ass, providing the tool as a Whole is rotatedp about the central Iaxis of the body. Vith the drill bit in the position of Fig. 7, with its plane substantially at right angles to the plane of displacement of the reaming cutter 15, the tool can be passed through the pipe P because the drill bit, in that relative position, can be displaced far enough from the'center of the pipe to allow the offset reaming roller 15 to pass through the pipe. Al though the drill bit i5 preferably only of slightly less width than the interior diameter of the pipe, and its-width is preferably greater than the diameter of the composite body (the body which is made up of the body proper 10 and the sleeve 16) and although for these reasons the drill bit can only be displaced very slightly within the pipe in its own plane; it can be displaced a substantially greater distance in a direction perpendicular to its own plane, as shown in Fig. 7. Thus with the parts in the relative position shown irl; Fig. 7 the tool will readily pass through t e i e.

Blit 1f drilling and reaming are attempted with the parts in the relative position of F ig.l

7 the lateral thrust or drilling reaction against reaming cutter 15 will thrust the tool over (for instance toward the left in Fig. 1) and will thrust the drill bit over in that direction if it is in the relative position shown in Fig. 7. However with the drill bit in the relative position shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 1, such lateral thrust is prevented by the fac-t that the edge of the drill Ybit is in direct contact with the side of the hole so that it cannot be thrust over. Accordingly, in using this tool, the parts are put down through the pipe in the relative positions of Fig. 7, the drill bit being then in one of its limiting positions; and then by right-handed rotation of the drill stem the parts move to therelative positions shown in Figs. 1, 6 and 8, and drilling and reaming may be proceeded with, the reaming cutterl5 reamingA the hole out to the fullextent of its radial offset from the true center of the tool.

Although I have shown but one reaming cutter 15 arranged stationarily upon the body, it will be understood that any suitable number of such stationary cutters may be -u'sed all offset in substantially the same plane from the center of the body. However, I have preferred in this illustration of my inventionV to illustrate further and other cutters rotat' able in position with reference to the body center so as to illustrate another aspect of my invention. Thus I show two upper cutters 15 and 15b mounted upon their respective carrier sleeves 16a and 16". These two sleeves are rotatable within limits upon body 10. For instance the normally inoperative or contracted positions of the cutters being all in a line, as shown in Figs. 2 to 5, the sleeve 16 is arranged to have a relative rotation of aboutl and sleeve 16 a relative rotation of about 120, Each sleeve is Yprovided with two arcuate slots 30 or 30 and pins 31 are set in the body so that their heads play in these slots, i

the several cutters, all in line, and with the drill bit in the relative position shown in Fig. 7,.the tool may be put down through pipe P as before explained. Then upon rotation of the tool not only is the drill bit turned to the relative position shown in Fig. 8, but thev two upper cutters 15* and 15b are thrown around to the positions 60 and 120 removed from their normal positions. With the reaming cutters thus in-equi-spaced relation about the center of the tool, the side thrust on the remaining cutters is equalized upon the tool as a whole and tendency to thrust the tool off laterally is minimized. But, whatever side nal axis of the body thrust there may be upon the lowermost cutter, unequalized at the level of that lowermost cutter and thus tending to shift the drill bit off laterally, is prevented from having any shifting effect upon the drill bit b its relative position as hereinbefore descri ed.

The invention thus involves two characteristic features, one of which has to do with the relative positions of an offset reaming cutter or cutters and drill bit, and the other one havseveral reaming cutters.

The following claims are directed to such characteristics and also their combination.

I. claim: I

l. In a combined reamer and drill, the combination of a body, a reaming cutter offset to one side of the body axis, a drill of the flat type mounted on the body, and the mountings of the drill and reaming cutter being such that they may be relatively rotated about the central longitudinal axis of the body between ositions where the drill bit is substantially 1n the plane of offset of the reaming cutter and where the drill bit is substantially perpendicular to that plane.

2. In a combined reamer and drill, the combination oia body, a reaming cutter offset to one side of the body axis, and a drill bit of the flat type mounted upon the body for limited relative rotation about the central longitudibetween a position substantially in the plane of offset of the reaming cutter and a position substantially at right angles to said plane.

3. In a combined reamer and drill, a body, a reaming cutter rigidly mounted upon the body and offset beyond the body periphery in a certain plane of offset, a drill bit of the flat type mounted on the lower end of the body to rotate on the central vertical axis of the body, said drill having a socket fitting over the lower end of the body, the body socket having arcuate slots and interengaging pins which support the drill on the body and limit relative rotation of the drill bit to an angle of about 4. In a combined reamer and drill, a body, a reaming cutter rigidly mounted upon the body and odset beyond the body periphery in a certain plane of offset, a drill bitof the flat type mounted on the lower end of the body, said drill havin a socket fitting over the lower end of the ody, the body socket having arcuate slots and mterengaging pins which support the drill on the body and limit relative rotation of the drill bit to an angle of about 90, one of the limiting rotative positions of the drill bit being substantially in the plane of the reaming cutter offset and the other limiting position being substantially at right angles to said plane.

5. In a reamer, the combination of a body rotatable about a central axis, a plurality of cutter carriers'mounted on said body, cutters ing to do with the relative positions of the.

on said carriers, and one at least of said carriers being relatively and limitedly rotatable around the central longitudinal axis of the body, between a position where the cutters of the several carriers are in longitudinal axial alinement and a position where the cutters are equi-singularly spaced about the body center.

6. In a reamer, the combination of a cylindric body rotatable about its central axis, a plurality of cutter carrying sleeves mounted upon the body, cutters carried by said sleeves, and at least one of said sleeves being relatively and limitedly rotatable around the central longitudinal axis of the body between a position where its cutter is in longitudinal axial alinement with another cutter and a position where said cutters are eqi-angularly spaced aboutthe axis of the body.

7. In a reamer, the combination of a cylindrie body rotatable about its central axis, a plurality of cutter carrying sleeves4 mounted upon the body, cutters carried by said sleeves, and at least one of said sleeves being relatively and limitedly rotatable between a position where its cutter is in longitudinal axial alinement with another cutter and a position where said cutters are equi-singularly spaced about the axis of the body; one of said cutter carrying sleeves being fixed on vthe body, another cutter carrying sleeve and the body being provided with arcuate slots and stop pins for allowing limited rotation of that sleeve with reference to the body, and a spring tending to rotate said last mentioned sleeve on the body.

8. In a combined reamer and drill, the combination of a body, a drill bit mounted on the lower end of the body, a plurality of cutter carriers mounted on the body, cutters carried by said carriers offset beyond the body periphery at one side, said cutter carriers and said drill bit being limitedly relatively rotatable between positions where the several cutters are substantially in axial longitudinal alinement and offset to one side of the body and the drill bit lies substantially at right angles to the plane of such cutter oiset, and a position where the drill bit lies in a plane substantially perpendicular to the offset plane of one of said cutters. v

9. In a combined reamer and drill, the combination of a substantially V cylindric body, a drill bit of the fiat type limitedly mounted on the lower end of the body to turn between limiting positions separated about 90, a cutter carrier fixed upon the body, a cutter on said carrier offset beyond the body periphery in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the drill bit when in'one of its limiting positions, another cutter carrier limitedly rotatively mounted on the body, an ofset cutter on said carrier, said carrier berotatable on the body between ing limitedly which its cutter is in longitudia position in Cal nal alineinent with the rst mentioned cutter and a position in which the cutters are equiangularly spaced about the center of the body.

10. In a combined reamer andldrill, the combination of a substantially cylindric body. a drilll bit of the flat type limitedly rotatively mounted on the lowerend of the body to turn between limiting positions separated about 90, a. cutter carrier xed upon the body. a cutter on said carrier oiset be! vond the body peri hery in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the drill bit when in one of its limiting positions, another cutter carrier limitedly rotatively mounted on the body, an offset cutter on said carrier, said carrierbeinglimitedly rotatable on the body between a position in which its cutter is in longitudinal alinement with the first mentioned cutter and a position in which the cutters are equi-singularly spaced about the center of the body, rotation limiting means for the drill bit and the second mentioned carrier comprising pins and slots, a spring tending to Vrotate the second mentioned carrier to the position in which its cutter is in longitudinal alinement With the rst mentioned cutter.

11. In a combined re combination of a body, a the lower end of the body, cutter carriers mounted on the body, cutters carried by said carriers offset beyond the body periphery at one side, said cutter carriers and said drill bit being limitedly relatively rotatable between positions where the several cutters are substantially in axial longitudinal alinement and o'set to one side of the body and the drill bit lies substantially at right angles to the plane of such cutter offset, and a position where the several cutters are substantially equi-angularly spaced around the body.

In Witness that I cla-im the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19 day of December, 1927.

JAMES J. SANTIAGO.

amer and drill, the drill bit mounted on a plurality of ce.y 

